Benefits
Weight management
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials found chitosan supplementation supported small average reductions in body weight (about 0.89 kg, or under 1 kg on average) and body composition. The effect is statistically significant but clinically marginal, so chitosan is best viewed as an adjunct rather than a primary weight-management aid.
Fat binding
Chitosan can bind some dietary fat in the digestive tract, modestly reducing the amount absorbed from a meal; the overall effect on fat absorption is small.
Cholesterol support
By binding bile acids and fat in the gut, chitosan is studied for supporting healthy cholesterol levels, with small reported effects on LDL.
Mechanism of action
Electrostatic fat binding
Positively charged chitosan binds negatively charged fatty acids and bile acids in the gut, forming complexes that are excreted rather than absorbed.
Bile-acid sequestration
Removing bile acids prompts the body to use cholesterol to make more, supporting lower circulating cholesterol.
Clinical trials
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of chitosan on body weight and composition. (Huang et al. 2020, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition)
Adults across multiple RCTs.
Chitosan supplementation supported small reductions versus control: body weight about -0.89 kg (95% CI -1.41 to -0.38), BMI -0.39, and body fat -0.69%. The pooled effect was statistically significant but clinically marginal, and the authors described chitosan as a useful adjunctive tool.