Benefits
Insulin resistance and cholesterol markers
A meta-analysis of 17 randomized trials (651 people) found resveratrol lowered an insulin resistance score overall, and in people with metabolic syndrome it lowered glucose, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. Doses varied widely, results differed between groups, and none of the trials used ResVinol.
Antioxidant blood markers
Two meta-analyses of randomized trials disagree. One (12 trials) found no significant change in the antioxidant enzymes SOD, catalase or glutathione peroxidase and a borderline rise in total antioxidant capacity. The other (16 trials) found higher glutathione peroxidase but no change in SOD, MDA or total antioxidant capacity.
Sirtuin levels and calorie restriction-like effects
In a small trial of 11 men with obesity, 150 mg a day of a different resveratrol ingredient for 30 days raised muscle SIRT1 protein and caused some metabolic changes resembling calorie restriction. A laboratory study found resveratrol does not directly activate SIRT1, and no longevity benefit has been shown in people.
Mechanism of action
SIRT1 activation (disputed)
Resveratrol was proposed to activate SIRT1 directly. A laboratory study found it activated SIRT1 only when the test substrate carried a fluorescent tag, not with natural substrates. In a small human trial, muscle SIRT1 protein levels rose after 30 days of resveratrol.
AMPK activation
In the 30-day trial in men with obesity, resveratrol activated AMPK, a cellular energy sensor, in muscle and improved muscle mitochondrial respiration on a fat-derived fuel.
Clinical trials
Meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials comparing people with metabolic syndrome with healthy people with or without obesity. (Sergi et al. 2020, Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis)
651 participants across 17 trials; trial sizes ranged from 16 to 90 people.
Resveratrol significantly lowered HOMA insulin resistance overall. In people with metabolic syndrome it significantly lowered glucose, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol. The authors noted heterogeneity between the populations studied. No trial used ResVinol.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials published up to December 2018. (Koushki et al. 2020, Postgrad Med J)
Participants in 12 randomized controlled trials.
Resveratrol did not significantly change blood SOD, catalase or glutathione peroxidase. Total antioxidant capacity rose with borderline significance (p = 0.05), and heterogeneity between studies was severe.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials published up to December 2018. (Omidian et al. 2020, Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets)
Participants in 16 clinical trials.
Resveratrol raised blood glutathione peroxidase but had no significant effect on SOD, MDA or total antioxidant capacity. The authors concluded it may not have a clinically significant effect on oxidative stress.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 150 mg a day of resveratrol (resVida) for 30 days. (Timmers et al. 2011, Cell Metab)
11 healthy men with obesity.
Resveratrol lowered sleeping and resting metabolic rate, activated AMPK and raised SIRT1 and PGC-1 alpha protein in muscle, and lowered liver fat, blood glucose, triglycerides and inflammation markers. The trial was very small and short, and no longevity outcome was measured.