Benefits
Vein and circulation support
Grapevine proanthocyanidins are traditionally used to support vein tone and healthy circulation, of interest for tired, heavy legs.
Antioxidant defense
Grapevine polyphenols act as antioxidants; the available human data come from a grape seed extract that reduced LDL cholesterol's susceptibility to oxidation in smokers, a different preparation than whole-grapevine extract.
Cardiovascular support
By supporting blood-vessel health and reducing oxidative stress, grapevine polyphenols support cardiovascular wellness.
Mechanism of action
Vascular protection
Grape proanthocyanidins support the integrity and tone of blood-vessel and capillary walls, aiding healthy venous return.
Free-radical scavenging
The polyphenols neutralize free radicals and protect LDL cholesterol and vessel linings from oxidation.
Clinical trials
Trial of a standardized grape seed extract, in heavy smokers, on LDL cholesterol's susceptibility to oxidation. (Vigna et al. 2003, Metabolism)
Heavy smokers (adults).
The standardized grape seed extract reduced LDL cholesterol's susceptibility to oxidation, reflecting the antioxidant value of grape polyphenols; note this study used a grape seed extract, a different preparation than the whole-grapevine (leaves, seeds, and skin) Natavid extract.