Brigham Tea (Mormon Tea / Ephedra viridis)

Ephedra viridis
Evidence Level
Preliminary
2 Clinical Trials
4 Documented Benefits
1/5 Evidence Score

Brigham tea, also called Mormon tea or green ephedra, is a leafless shrub native to the arid American Southwest. Important context: Ephedra viridis is botanically and chemically distinct from the Asian species Ephedra sinica (Ma Huang) — phytochemical analyses of New World Ephedra species, including E. viridis and E. nevadensis, have not detected the sympathomimetic alkaloids ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, or norpseudoephedrine that drove the 2004 FDA ban on ephedra-alkaloid dietary supplements. Brigham tea has been used traditionally by Indigenous peoples and Mormon settlers as a mild beverage tea, occasionally for kidney and urinary support and as a folk remedy for colds and seasonal complaints. There is no human clinical research on E. viridis itself, so nothing on this page is a proven health benefit. The 2004 FDA ban followed reports of serious cardiovascular events and deaths linked to ephedrine-containing supplements, so treat any product sold simply as "ephedra" with caution, and do not use Brigham tea in search of stimulant, energy, or weight loss effects.

Studied Dose Traditional preparation: ~1 tsp dried stems steeped 10-15 minutes as a beverage tea; no clinically validated supplement dose exists.
Active Compound Tannins, flavonoids, and other phenolics; E. viridis is reported by analytical surveys to lack ephedrine and pseudoephedrine alkaloids found in E. sinica.

Benefits

Traditional Beverage Tea

Traditional use only, with no clinical research behind it. Brigham tea has a long history as a mild herbal beverage among Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin and among early Mormon settlers in Utah, valued for its earthy flavor and its place in regional folk traditions. This is a record of how people have used the plant, not evidence that drinking it does anything for health.

Distinct From FDA-Banned Ephedra Alkaloids

This is the single most important thing to know about this plant. Ephedra viridis (Brigham tea or Mormon tea) is a different species from Ephedra sinica (ma huang), the ephedrine-containing herb that the FDA banned from dietary supplements in 2004 after reports of serious cardiovascular events and deaths. A 2001 analytical survey of Ephedra chemistry (Caveney and colleagues, American Journal of Botany) did not detect ephedrine or pseudoephedrine in New World Ephedra species, including E. viridis. That absence is precisely why this plant does not act as a stimulant, so it should not be used in search of stimulant, energy, or weight loss effects. And because species identity and labelling cannot be assumed, anything sold simply as "ephedra" should be treated with caution.

Provides Tannins and Plant Phenolics

This describes what is in the plant, not what it does for you. The aerial stems contain tannins and other phenolic compounds. No study has measured whether drinking Brigham tea changes antioxidant status, or any other health measure, in people.

Traditional Diuretic Use (Folklore, Not Tested)

Traditional use only. Some communities have used Brigham tea as a mild diuretic and as a beverage for urinary and kidney complaints. No human trial has tested this, so there is no evidence it changes urine output, kidney function, or any urinary condition. It is not a treatment for a kidney or urinary problem and should never replace medical care. The Kidney/Urinary Tract category on this page rests on tradition alone, not on clinical evidence.

Mechanism of action

1

Tannin and Polyphenol Astringency

Tannins in the stems give the tea its astringent, drying taste. Antioxidant activity has not been measured for this species in either cited paper, both of which simply catalogued plant chemistry, and there is no evidence of any drug-like action in the body.

2

Absence of Sympathomimetic Alkaloids

Unlike E. sinica, comprehensive secondary-chemistry surveys have not detected ephedrine-class alkaloids in New World Ephedra species including E. viridis, indicating the plant does not act through adrenergic stimulation.

3

Mild Diuretic Folk Mechanism

This is folklore, not a measured mechanism. Traditional kidney and urinary uses are sometimes explained as a mild diuretic effect, but no study has measured urine output, kidney function, or how any compound in this plant behaves in the human body.

Clinical trials

1
Secondary Chemistry of World Ephedra

Not a clinical trial. This is a laboratory analysis of plant chemistry (Caveney 2001, American Journal of Botany). No people took part and no health outcome was measured.

No human participants. Plant samples from multiple Ephedra species, including the New World species E. viridis and E. nevadensis.

Ephedrine-class alkaloids were not detectable in New World Ephedra species; instead, these species contain other nitrogen-containing compounds such as 6-hydroxykynurenate. This is a chemistry result only: the work identified what is in the plant and did not test any effect in people.

2
Comparative Chemical Composition of Ephedra Species

Not a clinical trial. This is a review of laboratory analysis methods and reported plant composition (Ibragic and Sofic 2015).

No human participants. A review of published laboratory analyses of Ephedra chemistry.

The review confirms that ephedrine alkaloid content varies dramatically across species, with E. sinica being the dominant alkaloid-bearing species; many ornamental and North American species, including E. viridis, are described as containing little or no ephedrine.

Side effects and drug interactions

Common Potential side effects

Tannin content may cause stomach upset, nausea, or constipation in some users.
Long-term high tannin intake may interfere with iron absorption.
Allergic reactions are possible, though rarely reported with traditional tea use. Bear in mind that no formal safety studies have been done on this plant, so the true side effect profile is unknown.
Pregnancy and lactation: avoid due to insufficient safety data.

Important Drug interactions

Theoretical interaction with diuretics due to mild diuretic-like folk use.
Tannins may modestly reduce absorption of medications and minerals taken at the same time.
Despite lacking ephedrine, discuss with a clinician before combining with stimulant or cardiovascular medications.

Frequently asked questions about Brigham Tea (Mormon Tea / Ephedra viridis)

What is Ephedra viridis (Mormon tea)?

Ephedra viridis, often called Mormon tea or Brigham tea, is a leafless North American shrub whose stems have long been brewed as a plain beverage tea. Unlike Asian ephedra (ma huang), laboratory analyses have not detected ephedrine or pseudoephedrine in it. There is no human clinical research on this plant at all, so anything said about its uses is traditional rather than proven, including older folk use for colds.

Is Mormon tea the same as ephedra (ma huang)?

No. They are different species. Ephedra sinica (ma huang) contains the stimulant ephedrine and was banned by the FDA from US dietary supplements in 2004 after reports of serious cardiovascular events and deaths. Ephedra viridis (Mormon tea) is a North American species in which chemical analyses have not detected ephedrine, and it has been used traditionally as a plain beverage tea. It is not a weaker version of ma huang; it simply does not contain the stimulant alkaloid. Because labels can be vague or wrong, treat any product sold simply as "ephedra" with caution.

How is Ephedra viridis used?

It is traditionally prepared as a mild herbal tea, roughly a teaspoon of dried stems steeped for 10 to 15 minutes. There is no clinically tested dose, because no clinical trials have been done on this plant. It is not a stimulant and not a weight loss product.

Is Ephedra viridis safe?

There are no formal safety studies on Ephedra viridis, so its safety is not established. What can be said is that the ephedrine and pseudoephedrine that make ma huang dangerous have not been detected in this species. Avoid any ephedra product marketed for weight loss or energy, since ephedrine carries serious cardiovascular risks, and avoid Brigham tea during pregnancy and breastfeeding because there is no safety data. Check with a doctor before using it, especially if you take any medication.

What is Brigham Tea?

Brigham tea, also called Mormon tea or green ephedra, is a leafless shrub native to the arid American Southwest. Important context: Ephedra viridis is botanically and chemically distinct from the Asian species Ephedra sinica (Ma Huang) — phytochemical analyses of New World Ephedra species, including E. viridis and E.

What is Brigham Tea used for?

Brigham Tea is researched primarily for Kidney/Urinary Tract. Traditional use only, with no clinical research behind it. Brigham tea has a long history as a mild herbal beverage among Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin and among early Mormon settlers in Utah, valued for its earthy flavor and its pl…

What is the recommended dosage of Brigham Tea?

The clinically studied dose is Traditional preparation: ~1 tsp dried stems steeped 10-15 minutes as a beverage tea; no clinically validated supplement dose exists. Always follow the product label and check with a healthcare provider for personal advice.

Is Brigham Tea safe, and does it have side effects?

For most healthy adults, Brigham Tea is well tolerated at studied doses. Reported effects can include: Tannin content may cause stomach upset, nausea, or constipation in some users. Long-term high tannin intake may interfere with iron absorption. It may also interact with some medications. Brigham Tea is not right for everyone, so check with a healthcare provider first if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, have a medical condition, or take prescription medication.

Does Brigham Tea interact with any medications?

Possible interactions include: Theoretical interaction with diuretics due to mild diuretic-like folk use. Tannins may modestly reduce absorption of medications and minerals taken at the same time. If you take prescription medication, check with a pharmacist or doctor before using it.

How strong is the scientific evidence for Brigham Tea?

NutraSmarts rates the evidence for Brigham Tea as Preliminary (1 out of 5). It is backed by 2 clinical trials and 2 cited references summarized on this page. A higher rating reflects more, larger, and better-designed human studies.

References(2 citations)

Evidence ratings on NutraSmarts are based on the totality of human clinical research, with emphasis on randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. The references below directly support claims made throughout this page.

  1. Caveney S, Charlet DA, Freitag H, Maier-Stolte M, Starratt AN. New observations on the secondary chemistry of world Ephedra (Ephedraceae). Am J Bot. 2001;88(7):1199-208.PubMedUsed to support: Phytochemical survey reporting ephedrine alkaloids are not detectable in New World Ephedra species (including E. viridis and E. nevadensis) and that these species contain other nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites.
  2. Ibragic S, Sofić E. Chemical composition of various Ephedra species. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2015;15(3):21-7. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2015.539.PubMedUsed to support: Comparative review of alkaloid content across Ephedra species confirming wide species-to-species variability and the predominance of ephedrine in E. sinica vs other species.