Home Ingredients Celery Seed (Apium graveolens)
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Celery Seed (Apium graveolens)

Apium graveolens
Evidence Level
Limited
5 Clinical Trials
5 Documented Benefits
2/5 Evidence Score

Celery seed is the small dried fruit of the celery plant, Apium graveolens, used as a kitchen spice and sold as capsules, extracts, oil and tea. Its volatile oil is mostly limonene and selinene, but it also carries phthalides such as 3-n-butylphthalide (3nB), the aroma compounds many extracts are standardized to. In the US, the FDA lists celery seed as generally recognized as safe as a spice and as a food flavoring extract. Human research is small: placebo-controlled trials ran 4 to 12 weeks in adults with high blood pressure or metabolic syndrome, and in women with sexual dysfunction. Blood pressure and serum uric acid fell compared with placebo in one 28-person trial, and sexual function scores rose in one 80-woman trial. No trial measured joint pain or gout flares. Celery is a recognized food allergen, and celery seed is avoided in pregnancy.

Studied Dose 150 mg/day of a 3-n-butylphthalide standardized extract for 12 weeks; 1.34 g/day of celery seed extract for 4 weeks; 500 mg of celery seed three times a day for 6 weeks.
Active Compound Phthalides, chiefly 3-n-butylphthalide (3nB) and senkyunolide A, in the seed oil; flavonoids such as luteolin and apigenin.

Benefits

Blood pressure compared with placebo

In 28 adults with metabolic syndrome, 150 mg a day of a standardized celery seed extract for 12 weeks lowered systolic pressure by about 5 mmHg while it rose about 3 mmHg on placebo (p = 0.001), with a smaller diastolic difference. A 4-week crossover in 52 people with high blood pressure saw readings fall in the celery phase, compared only with each phase's own baseline. Both trials were small.

Supported by Trial 3, Trial 1

Serum uric acid in a 12-week placebo-controlled trial

In the same 28-person trial, serum uric acid fell by about 35 micromol/L on the celery seed extract and rose by about 14 on placebo, a significant difference between groups (p = 0.001). It is the only human trial found that measured uric acid. No trial has measured gout flares, joint pain or joint comfort, so those uses remain untested in people.

Supported by Trial 1, Trial 3

Sexual function scores in women

In a double-blind trial, 80 women with sexual dysfunction took 500 mg of celery seed or placebo three times a day for 6 weeks. The total Female Sexual Function Index rose more with celery seed than with placebo (p < 0.001), driven by the desire, arousal, lubrication and pain domains. No serious side effects were seen. It is a single trial from one center.

Supported by Trial 2

Triglycerides, cholesterol and fasting glucose

Results on blood fats and sugar are less clear. In the 12-week placebo-controlled trial, triglycerides fell within the celery group, but the difference from placebo missed significance (p = 0.066), and cholesterol, fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity did not change. A 4-week crossover reported lower cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose during the celery phase, compared only with each phase's own baseline.

Supported by Trial 3, Trial 1

Uric acid and joint swelling in rodent studies (animal work)

In mice with drug-induced high uric acid, oral water and oil extracts of celery seed lowered serum uric acid and xanthine oxidase, the enzyme that makes uric acid. In rats with urate crystals injected into the ankle, the extracts reduced joint swelling and inflammatory markers. These are animal results and have not been shown in people.

Supported by Trial 4

Mechanism of action

1

Phthalides in the seed oil

Celery seed oil is mostly limonene (about 42 percent) and beta-selinene (about 17 percent), but phthalides make up roughly a quarter of it. In seven batches analyzed for an EU safety opinion, senkyunolide A averaged about 14 percent and 3-n-butylphthalide about 10 percent (range 3.3 to 15.2 percent). Extracts sold for 3nB content are standardized to this phthalide fraction.

2

Xanthine oxidase and uric acid in animals

In hyperuricemic mice, oral celery seed water and oil extracts lowered both serum uric acid and serum xanthine oxidase, and raised the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. This points to reduced uric acid production as a possible pathway, but it has only been shown in rodents.

3

Proposed vascular relaxation by 3nB and apigenin

Trial authors attribute the blood pressure changes to 3-n-butylphthalide and apigenin, which they describe as having calcium channel blocking and nitric oxide related vasodilating effects. This mechanism was not measured in any of the human trials, so it remains a proposed explanation.

Clinical trials

1
Standardized Celery Seed Extract in Metabolic Syndrome: 12-Week RCT
PubMed

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT06061926) of a commercial celery seed extract (Natural Factors) declared as standardized to 85% 3-n-butylphthalide, not the Celery3nB brand (75 mg twice daily) versus placebo for 12 weeks; no external funding. (Escobedo-Gutiérrez et al. 2026, Pharmaceuticals (Basel))

28 adults with metabolic syndrome in Guadalajara, Mexico (14 per group), mean age about 47.

Compared with placebo, systolic pressure fell (minus 5.43 vs plus 3.14 mmHg, p = 0.001), diastolic pressure fell (minus 3.72 vs plus 0.57 mmHg, p = 0.011) and uric acid fell (minus 34.56 vs plus 14.45 micromol/L, p = 0.001). Triglycerides and VLDL dropped within the celery group but not significantly versus placebo (p = 0.066). Glucose, cholesterol, body weight, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion did not differ. Side effects were mild and similar between groups.

2
Celery Seed and Female Sexual Function: 6-Week RCT
PubMed

Parallel, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 500 mg celery seed (Apium graveolens fruit) three times a day for 6 weeks, scored with the Female Sexual Function Index. (Hessami et al. 2021, J Ethnopharmacol)

80 women with sexual dysfunction in Shiraz, Iran (40 per group).

At 6 weeks the total FSFI score improved significantly more with celery seed than with placebo (p < 0.001), mainly through the desire, arousal and lubrication domains (each p < 0.001) and the pain domain (p = 0.033). No serious side effects were noticed in either group. A single, short trial from one university.

3
Celery Seed Extract in High Blood Pressure: 4-Week Crossover Trial Reports
PubMed

Randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of four celery seed extract capsules a day (1.34 g in total) for 4 weeks, added to usual blood pressure medication, with 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. The same Mashhad team published blood pressure, lab safety and mood results in three reports with the same design and dose, which appear to describe one trial (registered as IRCT20130418013058N8 in the mood report). (Shayani Rad et al. 2022, Phytother Res)

50 to 52 patients with high blood pressure in Mashhad, Iran, who completed both phases.

During the celery phase, 24-hour systolic pressure fell from 141.2 to 130.0 mmHg and diastolic from 92.2 to 84.2 mmHg (both p < .001), with no significant change in the placebo phase. Companion reports described lower fasting glucose, blood fats and Beck anxiety and depression scores during the celery phase. All results are changes within each phase; the abstracts give no direct comparison between phases. Side effects did not differ from placebo, and the extract brand is not named.

4
Celery Seed Extracts in Hyperuricemic Mice and Gouty Rats (animal study)
PubMed

Rodent study of a celery seed water extract and a celery seed oil extract given by gavage, compared with untreated models and with febuxostat or colchicine. (Li et al. 2019, Mol Med Rep)

Mice with uric acid raised by potassium oxonate and yeast extract; rats with urate crystals injected into the ankle joint (12 animals per group).

Both extracts lowered serum uric acid and xanthine oxidase in the mice and raised antioxidant enzymes. In the rats they reduced ankle swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration, IL-1 beta and TNF alpha. These are animal models and do not show an effect on uric acid or gout in people.

5
28-Day Oral Toxicity Study of a Celery Seed Extract in Rats (animal study)
PubMed

Good Laboratory Practice 28-day study of an alcoholic celery seed extract given by mouth at 0, 150 or 5,000 mg/kg a day. (Powanda et al. 2011, Inflammopharmacology)

36 adult rats (6 per sex per dose group).

All animals survived with no visible signs of toxicity and no differences in weight gain. High-dose rats had slightly heavier livers without microscopic changes, and small shifts in some blood and urine values were judged not toxicologically significant. The authors put the no adverse effect level at 5,000 mg/kg a day. Rat data cannot set a safe human dose.

Side effects and drug interactions

Common Potential side effects

Mild digestive effects were the most common complaints in trials, such as diarrhea and bloating (each in 1 of 14 people on the extract in one trial) and gastric reflux (2 people on celery versus 1 on placebo in another); rates did not differ from placebo.
Celery is a recognized food allergen. In a challenge study, 22 of 32 people with a history of celery reactions reacted to celery under double-blind testing, and severe and even fatal anaphylaxis to celery has been reported. Avoid celery seed if you are allergic to celery.
People allergic to birch or mugwort pollen can cross-react with celery; in one allergy work-up, celery seed and celery root extracts showed different protein patterns, so tolerating one form does not guarantee another is safe.
Celery contains furanocoumarins (psoralens) that make skin react to UV light. A woman who ate a large amount of celery root before a tanning session had a severe generalized burn. Celery seed oil holds only trace bergapten (about 0.001 percent), but avoid tanning beds and use sun protection with concentrated products.
Avoid celery seed products in pregnancy: a consumer herbal reference warns it may cause uterine bleeding and contractions that could lead to miscarriage. This caution has not been tested in studies, and the 12-week trial excluded pregnant and breastfeeding women.
A consumer herbal reference advises people with active kidney inflammation not to take celery seed, and people with low blood pressure to use caution.

Important Drug interactions

Blood pressure medicines: in trials, readings fell during the celery phase when the extract was added to usual medication, so check readings and tell your prescriber.
Diuretics (water pills): a consumer herbal reference describes celery seed as a diuretic and may add to their effect and the risk of dehydration.
Lithium: a consumer herbal reference says celery seed may change how lithium is excreted; ask your prescriber before use.
Thyroid medicines: a consumer herbal reference flags a possible interaction; ask your prescriber before combining.
Blood thinners such as warfarin: a consumer herbal reference says celery seed contains compounds that may thin the blood, which could raise bleeding risk.

Standardized & branded forms of Celery Seed (Apium graveolens)

Trademarked forms of Celery Seed (Apium graveolens) with their own profiles on NutraSmarts. Results from one branded form do not automatically carry over to another, so check each profile for the studies run on that specific product:

Celery3nB® (Celery Seed Extract Standardized to 3nB)
Celery3nB is a branded celery (Apium graveolens) seed extract from Anderson Advanced Ingre…

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Frequently asked questions about Celery Seed (Apium graveolens)

Is celery seed the same as eating celery or drinking celery juice?

No. The seed is the dried fruit of the plant and is where the aromatic oil and its phthalides, including 3-n-butylphthalide, are concentrated. Stalks and leaves have a different makeup. In a 12-week placebo-controlled trial, 750 mg a day of powder made from fresh celery stalk and leaf did not change blood pressure, lipids or blood sugar compared with placebo, so results from seed extracts should not be applied to celery juice or celery powder, or the reverse.

How much 3-n-butylphthalide does celery seed contain?

It varies. In seven batches of celery seed oil analyzed for an EU safety opinion, 3-butylphthalide made up about 10 percent of the oil on average, ranging from about 3 to 15 percent, with other phthalides adding more. The extract in the 12-week trial was declared as standardized to 85 percent 3-n-butylphthalide.

Does celery seed lower uric acid?

One small placebo-controlled trial found a drop: in 28 adults with metabolic syndrome, 150 mg a day of a standardized extract for 12 weeks lowered serum uric acid compared with placebo. A rodent study points to lower xanthine oxidase activity as a reason. No human trial has tested gout flares or joint pain, and anyone with gout or high uric acid should keep to the care plan set with their doctor.

How is Celery3nB related to celery seed?

Celery3nB is a branded celery seed extract standardized to 3-n-butylphthalide and has its own page on this site. The trials described here tested celery seed, a generic celery seed extract, or a standardized extract sold under another brand, and none named Celery3nB. Expect similar ingredients, but do not assume the same results unless the dose and standardization match.

Can celery seed make my skin more sensitive to the sun?

It can in some situations. Celery contains furanocoumarins that react with UV light, and a severe burn has been reported in a woman who ate a large amount of celery root before using a tanning bed. Celery seed oil contains only trace amounts of bergapten, but if you take concentrated celery products, skip tanning beds and use sun protection, especially with light-sensitizing medicines.

What is Celery Seed?

Celery seed is the small dried fruit of the celery plant, Apium graveolens, used as a kitchen spice and sold as capsules, extracts, oil and tea. Its volatile oil is mostly limonene and selinene, but it also carries phthalides such as 3-n-butylphthalide (3nB), the aroma compounds many extracts are standardized to.

What is Celery Seed used for?

Celery Seed is researched primarily for Cardiovascular and Libido Support. In 28 adults with metabolic syndrome, 150 mg a day of a standardized celery seed extract for 12 weeks lowered systolic pressure by about 5 mmHg while it rose about 3 mmHg on placebo (p = 0.001), with a smaller diastolic difference.

What is the recommended dosage of Celery Seed?

The clinically studied dose is 150 mg/day of a 3-n-butylphthalide standardized extract for 12 weeks; 1.34 g/day of celery seed extract for 4 weeks; 500 mg of celery seed three times a day for 6 weeks. Always follow the product label and check with a healthcare provider for personal advice.

Is Celery Seed safe, and does it have side effects?

Side effects and cautions reported for Celery Seed include: Mild digestive effects were the most common complaints in trials, such as diarrhea and bloating (each in 1 of 14 people on the extract in one trial) and gastric reflux (2 people on celery versus 1 on placebo in another); rates did not differ from placebo. It may also interact with some medications. Celery Seed is not right for everyone, so check with a healthcare provider first if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, have a medical condition, or take prescription medication.

Does Celery Seed interact with any medications?

Possible interactions include: Blood pressure medicines: in trials, readings fell during the celery phase when the extract was added to usual medication, so check readings and tell your prescriber. If you take prescription medication, check with a pharmacist or doctor before using it.

How strong is the scientific evidence for Celery Seed?

NutraSmarts rates the evidence for Celery Seed as Limited (2 out of 5). It is backed by 5 study summaries and 16 cited references summarized on this page. A higher rating reflects more, larger, and better-designed human studies.

References(16 citations)

Evidence ratings on NutraSmarts are based on the totality of human clinical research, with emphasis on randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. The references below directly support claims made throughout this page.

  1. Escobedo-Gutiérrez MJ, Cortez-Navarrete M, Martínez-Abundis E, Pérez-Rubio KG. Effect of Celery Seed (Apium graveolens L.) Administration on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Sensitivity, and Insulin Secretion: A Clinical Trial. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2026;19(1):110. doi: 10.3390/ph19010110.PubMedUsed to support: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 28 adults with metabolic syndrome (NCT06061926): a commercial celery seed extract declared as standardized to 85% 3-n-butylphthalide, 75 mg twice daily for 12 weeks, lowered systolic pressure (p = 0.001), diastolic pressure (p = 0.011) and serum uric acid (p = 0.001) compared with placebo. Triglycerides and VLDL fell within the celery group but not significantly versus placebo (p = 0.066), and glucose, cholesterol, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion did not change. Adverse events were mild and similar between groups; no external funding.
  2. Hessami K, Rahnavard T, Hosseinkhani A, Azima S, Sayadi M, Faraji A, Emamghoreishi M, Vafaei H, Hessami A, Foroughinia L, Maasumeh Kaviani, Roozmeh S, Asadi N. Treatment of women's sexual dysfunction using Apium graveolens L. Fruit (celery seed): A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;264:113400. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113400.PubMedUsed to support: Parallel, double-blind, randomized trial in 80 women with sexual dysfunction: 500 mg celery seed three times a day for 6 weeks improved the total Female Sexual Function Index more than placebo (p < 0.001), mainly in the desire, arousal, lubrication and pain domains. No serious side effects were noticed in either group.
  3. Shayani Rad M, Moohebati M, Mohajeri SA. Effect of celery (Apium graveolens) seed extract on hypertension: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2022;36(7):2889-2907. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7469.PubMedUsed to support: Triple-blind crossover trial in 52 patients with hypertension: 1.34 g a day of celery seed extract for 4 weeks was followed by lower 24-hour ambulatory systolic (141.2 to 130.0 mmHg) and diastolic (92.2 to 84.2 mmHg) pressure, with no significant change in the placebo phase and no difference in side effects. The abstract reports within-phase changes and does not name a commercial brand.
  4. Shayani Rad M, Moohebati M, MohammadEbrahimi S, Motamedshariaty VS, Mohajeri SA. Safety evaluation and biochemical efficacy of celery seed extract (Apium Graveolens) capsules in hypertensive patients: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, clinical trial. Inflammopharmacology. 2022;30(5):1669-1684. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-00986-0.PubMedUsed to support: Triple-blind crossover trial in 51 patients with hypertension taking 1.34 g a day of celery seed extract with their usual medication for 4 weeks: blood cells and electrolytes did not change; fasting glucose fell from 108.53 to 97.96 mg/dL and total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL fell by 16.37, 16.22 and 11.84 mg/dL, with small decreases in BUN, creatinine and liver enzymes. The authors note the small sample size.
  5. Shayani Rad M, Moohebati M, Mohajeri SA. Beneficial effects of celery seed extract (Apium graveolens), as a supplement, on anxiety and depression in hypertensive patients: a randomized clinical trial. Inflammopharmacology. 2023;31(1):395-410. doi: 10.1007/s10787-022-01083-y.PubMedUsed to support: Triple-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in 50 patients with hypertension (IRCT20130418013058N8): during the 4-week celery seed extract phase (1.34 g a day) Beck anxiety scores fell by 6.78 points and depression scores by 3.63 points, alongside lower blood pressure. The abstract does not report a direct comparison with the placebo phase.
  6. Liu D, Zhao H, Xu H, Hu J. Effects of celery (Apium graveolens) on blood pressure, glycemic and lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2025;12:1597680. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1597680.PubMedUsed to support: Meta-analysis of 10 randomized studies (511 participants) of celery seed, stalk and leaf preparations: pooled systolic and diastolic pressure, fasting glucose and triglycerides were lower, with no overall effect on total, LDL or HDL cholesterol and no difference in adverse events. Heterogeneity was high for most outcomes, and seed preparations gave larger effects in subgroups. Three of the four celery seed studies pooled were reports from the same Iranian team using the same design and dose, entered as separate studies.
  7. Mohsenpour MA, Samadani M, Shahsavani Z, Golmakani MT, Pishdad GR, Ekramzadeh M. The effect of celery (Apium graveolens) powder on cardiometabolic factors in overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A pilot randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Food Sci Nutr. 2023;11(9):5351-5363. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3493.PubMedUsed to support: Pilot placebo-controlled trial of 750 mg a day of powder made from fresh celery (not seed) with a low-calorie diet for 12 weeks in adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight (36 completed): no significant between-group differences in glycemic, lipid, liver, oxidative stress or blood pressure measures. Shows that celery stalk and leaf powder results cannot be assumed for seed extracts, or the reverse.
  8. Vaidya N, Agarwal R, Dipankar DG, Patkar H, Ganu G, Nagore D, Godse C, Mehta A, Mehta D, Nair S. Efficacy and Safety of Boswellia serrata and Apium graveolens L. Extract Against Knee Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Degeneration: A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Pharm Res. 2025;42(2):249-269. doi: 10.1007/s11095-025-03818-2.PubMedUsed to support: Placebo-controlled trial in 62 people with knee osteoarthritis of a combination of Boswellia serrata gum resin (300 mg) and celery seed extract (250 mg) for 90 days, funded by the product's marketer with employee co-authors: pain, stiffness and cartilage markers improved versus placebo. Because celery seed was combined with Boswellia, the result cannot be credited to celery seed alone.
  9. Li S, Li L, Yan H, Jiang X, Hu W, Han N, Wang D. Anti‑gouty arthritis and anti‑hyperuricemia properties of celery seed extracts in rodent models. Mol Med Rep. 2019;20(5):4623-4633. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10708.PubMedUsed to support: Animal study: celery seed water and oil extracts given by gavage lowered serum uric acid and xanthine oxidase in hyperuricemic mice and reduced ankle swelling, inflammatory cell infiltration, IL-1 beta and TNF alpha in rats with urate crystal arthritis. Animal evidence only.
  10. Powanda MC, Rainsford KD. A toxicological investigation of a celery seed extract having anti-inflammatory activity. Inflammopharmacology. 2011;19(4):227-33. doi: 10.1007/s10787-010-0049-1.PubMedUsed to support: 28-day Good Laboratory Practice study in rats given an alcoholic celery seed extract by mouth at 0, 150 or 5,000 mg/kg a day: no deaths or visible toxicity, slightly heavier livers at the high dose without microscopic changes, and a no adverse effect level of 5,000 mg/kg a day. Animal evidence only.
  11. EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP), Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos ML, Christensen H, Durjava M, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Aquilina G, Brantom P, Chesson A, Schlatter J, Westendorf J, Dirven Y, Manini P, Pizzo F, Dusemund B. Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil obtained from the fruit of Apium graveolens L. (celery seed oil) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl). EFSA J. 2024;22(7):e8907. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8907.PubMedUsed to support: EU scientific opinion on celery seed oil as a feed flavoring. Analysis of seven batches found d-limonene about 41.6 percent, beta-selinene 17.1 percent, senkyunolide A 14.3 percent and 3-butylphthalide 10.16 percent (range 3.30 to 15.2 percent) of the oil, with phthalides together about 26.7 percent; bergapten was present only at about 0.001 percent. The oil is classed as a skin and eye irritant and a skin and respiratory sensitizer for people handling it.
  12. Ballmer-Weber BK, Vieths S, Lüttkopf D, Heuschmann P, Wüthrich B. Celery allergy confirmed by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge: a clinical study in 32 subjects with a history of adverse reactions to celery root. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000;106(2):373-8. doi: 10.1067/mai.2000.107196.PubMedUsed to support: Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges in 32 people with a history of reactions to celery root: 22 reacted to celery, confirming celery as a relevant food allergen, mostly in pollen-sensitized patients.
  13. Dubiela P, Humeniuk P, Bublin M, Metz-Favre C, Viel S, Bienvenu F, Hafner C, Pauli G, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. Two patients with allergy to celery - Possible role of carbohydrate determinants and difference between seeds and tuber allergenicity. World Allergy Organ J. 2022;15(11):100708. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100708.PubMedUsed to support: Allergy work-up of 2 patients who reacted to a celery-containing sauce: celery root and celery seed extracts showed distinct protein patterns, suggesting different allergen content, and both patients' IgE bound high molecular weight proteins; the authors note celery allergy can cause reactions including fatal anaphylactic shock.
  14. Ljunggren B. Severe phototoxic burn following celery ingestion. Arch Dermatol. 1990;126(10):1334-6.PubMedUsed to support: Case report: a 65-year-old woman developed a severe generalized phototoxic reaction after a tanning parlor visit 1 hour after eating a large amount of celery root; psoralens (8-methoxypsoralen and 5-methoxypsoralen) were identified in a similar celery root. A single case involving celery root, not seed.
  15. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 21 CFR 182.10 Spices and other natural seasonings and flavorings; 21 CFR 182.20 Essential oils, oleoresins (solvent-free), and natural extractives (including distillates). Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Part 182. 2026;Accessed 2026 via the Legal Information Institute (law.cornell.edu)..SourceUsed to support: Not PubMed-indexed (US federal regulation). Both sections list celery seed (Apium graveolens L.) as generally recognized as safe for its intended use in food: 182.10 as a spice or natural seasoning and 182.20 as an essential oil, oleoresin or natural extractive. This covers food use, not supplement doses.
  16. A.D.A.M., a business unit of Ebix, Inc.; reviewed by Ehrlich SD. Celery seed. A.D.A.M. health library (Ebix), reviewed by VeriMed Healthcare Network. 2015;Review date 6/22/2015. Accessed 2026 via the Lima Memorial Health System health library..SourceUsed to support: Not PubMed-indexed (consumer herbal reference). States that pregnant women should not use celery seed because it may cause uterine bleeding and uterine contractions that could cause miscarriage, that people with low blood pressure should use caution, that people with active kidney inflammation should not take it, that some people allergic to birch pollen may react to celery seed, that celery stems and seeds can increase sun sensitivity, and lists possible interactions with lithium, thyroid medicines, diuretics and blood thinners, noting these have been little studied.