Benefits
Digestive comfort
In one randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of 50 healthy adults aged 30 to 70 with everyday digestive discomfort, 4 weeks of perilla extract lowered symptom scores versus placebo for bloating (-0.44, p=0.0003), gut rumbling (-0.55, p=0.0014), abdominal discomfort (-0.54, p=0.004), feeling of fullness (-0.36, p=0.0152) and passage of gas (-0.30, p=0.0264). All five measures moved the same way, which is a consistent signal, but this is one pilot study of 50 people and it has not been repeated.
Gut-calming support
The one published study measured people's own ratings of digestive symptoms such as bloating, gas and fullness, and those scores improved compared with placebo. The people studied were healthy adults with ordinary digestive complaints, not people with irritable bowel syndrome or any diagnosed gut condition, and perilla extract has not been shown to treat any such condition.
Antioxidant gut support
Rosmarinic acid behaves as an antioxidant polyphenol in laboratory work, but the human pilot study did not measure antioxidant activity or anything about the digestive lining. Treat this as an untested explanation rather than a proven benefit.
Mechanism of action
Anti-inflammatory polyphenols
Perilla's rosmarinic acid and luteolin are proposed to act on inflammatory and cramping signals in the gut. This is a laboratory-based explanation only. The one human study recorded how people said they felt, not any inflammatory or muscle activity.
Gut-motility support
It has been suggested that the extract supports more comfortable gut movement and less gas-related bloating. Gut motility itself was not measured in the published study, which recorded only self-reported symptoms.
Clinical trials
Randomized placebo-controlled double-blind human pilot study of perilla extract on gastrointestinal discomfort. (Buchwald-Werner et al. 2014, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine)
50 healthy adults aged 30 to 70 who reported gastrointestinal discomfort and reduced bowel movements. This was not a population with irritable bowel syndrome or any diagnosed digestive condition.
After a 2-week run-in and 4 weeks of treatment, perilla extract beat placebo on five symptom scores: bloating (-0.44, p=0.0003), gut rumbling (-0.55, p=0.0014), abdominal discomfort (-0.54, p=0.004), feeling of fullness (-0.36, p=0.0152) and passage of gas (-0.30, p=0.0264). Limitations: this was a pilot study of only 50 people over 4 weeks, and the published abstract does not report the dose that was used.